What device takes multiple input signals and mixes them into a fewer number of outputs?

A multiplexer is a device designed to take multiple input signals and combine them into fewer output signals, usually for the purpose of transmitting data over a single communication channel. It functions by allowing selection among different input lines, sending the selected input to the output while other inputs remain unconnected, thus enabling efficient data management and transmission.

In practical applications, a multiplexer is used in scenarios where limited communication bandwidth is available, allowing multiple data streams to share the same channel efficiently. For instance, in telecommunications, a multiplexer can facilitate the combination of various communication signals into a single channel, optimizing the use of line capacity.

The working principle of a multiplexer illustrates its significance in various electronic and communication systems, making it a fundamental component in digital circuits and data management systems.